{"id":279,"date":"2023-04-03T22:54:02","date_gmt":"2023-04-03T14:54:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yajtech.synology.me\/wordpress\/?p=279"},"modified":"2023-04-07T16:38:07","modified_gmt":"2023-04-07T08:38:07","slug":"awk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/?p=279","title":{"rendered":"awk"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Linux\u6587\u5b57\u8655\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">awk [\u53c3\u6578] 'script' var=value file(s)\n\u6216\nawk [\u53c3\u6578] -f scriptfile var=value file(s)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>-F fs or &#8211;field-separator fs<br>\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u6298\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0cfs\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3002<\/li><li>-v var=value or &#8211;asign var=value<br>\u8d4b\u503c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8b8a\u91cf\u3002<\/li><li>-f scripfile or &#8211;file scriptfile<br>\u5f9e\u8173\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6awk\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5185\u5efa\u8b8a\u6578<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u8b8a\u6578<\/th><th>\u8aaa\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>$n<\/td><td>\u7576\u524d\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u7b2cn\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u7531FS\u5206\u9694<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>$0<\/td><td>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8f38\u5165\u8a18\u9304<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ARGC<\/td><td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u6578\u76ee<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ARGIND<\/td><td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u7576\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e(\u5f9e0\u5f00\u59cb\u7b97)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ARGV<\/td><td>\u5305\u542b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u6578\u7d44<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>CONVFMT<\/td><td>\u6578\u5b57\u8f49\u63db\u683c\u5f0f(\u9ed8\u8a8d\u503c\u4e3a%.6g)\uff0cENVIRON\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u91cf\u95dc\u9023\u6578\u7d44<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ERRNO<\/td><td>\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7d71\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FIELDWIDTHS<\/td><td>\u5b57\u6bb5\u5bbd\u5ea6\u5217\u8868(\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u9375\u5206\u9694)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FILENAME<\/td><td>\u7576\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FNR<\/td><td>\u5404\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u5225\u8a08\u6578\u7684\u884c\u865f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>FS<\/td><td>\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7a7a\u683c)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IGNORECASE<\/td><td>\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u5219\u9032\u884c\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5beb\u7684\u5339\u914d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NF<\/td><td>\u4e00\u689d\u8a18\u9304\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6578\u76ee<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NR<\/td><td>\u5df2\u7d93\u8b80\u51fa\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u6578\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u884c\u865f\uff0c\u5f9e1\u958b\u59cb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OFMT<\/td><td>\u6578\u5b57\u7684\u8f38\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f%.6g)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>OFS<\/td><td>\u8f38\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8a8d\u503c\u8207\u8f38\u5165\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ORS<\/td><td>\u8f38\u51fa\u8a18\u9304\u5206\u9694\u7b26(\u9ed8\u8a8d\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63db\u884c\u7b26)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>RLENGTH<\/td><td>\u7531match\u51fd\u6578\u6240\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u9577\u5ea6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>RS<\/td><td>\u8a18\u9304\u5206\u9694\u7b26(\u9ed8\u8a8d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63db\u884c\u7b26)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>RSTART<\/td><td>\u7531match\u51fd\u6578\u6240\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SUBSEP<\/td><td>\u6578\u7d44\u4e0b\u6a19\u5206\u9694\u7b26(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f\/034)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u904b\u7b97\u7b26<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>\u904b\u7b97\u7b26<\/th><th>\u8aaa\u660e<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>= += -= *= \/= %= ^= **=<\/td><td>\u8d4b\u503c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>?:<\/td><td>if else \u7684\u5beb\u6cd5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>||<\/td><td>\u6216 or <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&amp;&amp;<\/td><td>\u548c and<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>~ \u548c !~<\/td><td>\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u898f\u5316 \u548c \u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u898f\u5316 <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&lt; &lt;= &gt; &gt;= != ==<\/td><td>\u95dc\u4fc2\u904b\u7b97\u7b26<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u7a7a\u683c<\/td><td>\u9023\u63a5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>+ &#8211;<\/td><td>\u52a0\uff0c\u51cf<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>* \/ %<\/td><td>\u4e58\u3001\u9664\u3001\u6c42\u9918<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>!<\/td><td>Not<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>^ ***<\/td><td>\u6c42\u5e42<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>++ &#8212;<\/td><td>\u589e\u52a0\u6216\u51cf\u5c11<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>$<\/td><td>\u5b57\u6bb5\u5f15\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>in<\/td><td>\u6578\u7ec4\u6210<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u898b\u7528\u6cd5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u53d6\u65bc\u6bcf\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u503c\u5927\u65bc2\nawk '$1>2' log.txt\n\n$ awk '{print $1,$4}' log.txt\n\n$ awk -F, '{print $1,$2}'   log.txt\n\n$ awk -va=1 '{print $1,$1+a}' log.txt\n\n$ awk -f cal.awk log.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>awk\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>BEGIN{ \u8fd9\u88e1\u653e\u57f7\u884c\u524d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4 }<\/li><li>{\u8fd9\u88e1\u653e\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u8cc7\u6599\u8981\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4}<\/li><li>END {\u8fd9\u88e1\u653e\u6700\u5f8c\u8981\u57f7\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4 }<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/awk -f\n#\u57f7\u884c\u524d\nBEGIN {\n    printf \"NAME    NO. \\n\"\n    printf \"------------\\n\"\n}\n#\u57f7\u884c\u4e2d\n{\n    math+=$3\n    printf \"%-6s %-6s\\n\", $1, $2\n}\n#\u57f7\u884c\u540e\nEND {\n    printf \"--------\\n\"\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/linux\/linux-comm-awk.html\">https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/linux\/linux-comm-awk.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u6587\u5b57\u8655\u7406\u5de5\u5177 awk [\u53c3\u6578] &#8216;script&#8217; var=value file(s) \u6216 awk [ &#8230; <a title=\"awk\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/?p=279\" aria-label=\"\u95b1\u8b80\u3008awk\u3009\u5168\u6587\">\u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[17],"class_list":["post-279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=279"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":354,"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/279\/revisions\/354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.yaj.com.tw\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}